For a successful lesson delivery adequate preparation and planning need to be made, this comes to a popular saying which goes “he who fails to plan, plans to fail’. A teacher needs to adequately plan his or her lessons in order to impact meaningfully to the learners.
The lesson comes from a Latin word lectio, meaning the action of reading.
A lesson is a structural period of time where learning is intended to occur. It involves one or more learners being taught by a teacher. It could also be said to be a short period of time during which learners are taught about a particular subject or taught how to perform a particular activity. This is mostly taught in classroom and occasionally takes place in a situated learning environment.
In a wider sense, a lesson is an insight gained by a learner into previously unfamiliar subject matter. Lesson could be planned or accidental, painful or enjoyable.
STAGES IN LESSON PLANNING
Lesson plan is one major activity of the teacher and the school in general. This begins from the curriculum design to syllabus or scheme of work to weekly plan (unit plan) daily plan and finally a note of lesson .
NOTE OF LESSON
In order to dictate the structure of teaching, teachers need to have a lesson plan. Lesson plan is an instructor’s detailed description of the course of instruction for an individual lesson. This should always contain some of the following element:
-the topic of the lesson;
-time required for the lesson to be completed;
-date for delivery;
-behavior objectives in clear measurable terms;
-instructional materials;
-previous knowledge;
-the content in steps in accordance with the behavior objectives;
-summary;
-the evaluation;
-assignment.
The format for note of lesson is often chosen by the school requirement and personal taste of the teacher. Some prefer a simple list of what is to be taught in a lesson with other work including much detail such as time plan and the aims and objectives. Student teachers are usually advised to put great amount of details of what is to be taught into written plan to ensure a cohesive plan and that all components of successful lesson are taken care of. For a successful teaching practice by teacher trainee advice is given here that a script of some section of your should be noted these include questions for the learners to keep them alert , the expected answers , improvisation of materials to make the lesson real and interesting. One most important reason why it is necessary for teacher trainee to have a detailed lesson plan is that student teachers are often asked to present or submit their lesson plan in advance to their mentor teachers so as to receive feedback on their ideas
In order to develop an effective lesson plan the following question should be your guide
- Where are the learners going?
- How are they going to get there?
- How will you know when they have arrived?
The following categories which form the organization of plan should be the pivot thought.
GAOLS
What are the goals, aims, and objectives of the curriculum? Goals determine purpose, aim and the rationale for what you and your students will engage in during the lesson. What you tend to achieve which is adhering to the national curriculum standard and what you want your learners to achieve at the end.
OBJECTIVE
This could be said to be the performances of the learners to indicate that they have acquire further knowledge and skill. What the will be able to do during and at the end of the lesson. How they will demonstrate that they have learned and understood the lesson.
It further be said to be what the teacher outline for the learners to achieve at the end of the lesson.
PEREQUISITES
This is the state of readiness of the learners. Some time we call it entry behavior or previous knowledge
MATERIALS
The items, text books that will be needed for the successful deliviery of the lesson. They are called instructional materials
LESSON DESCRIPTION
This section provides an opportunity for the author of the lesson to share some thoughts, experience and advice with other teachers. It also provides a general overview of the lesson in terms of topic, focus, activity and purpose.
LESSON PRESENTATION
This is step by step description of what is to be taught in other to achieve the lesson plan objectives. This is usually intended for the teacher and provides suggestion on how to proceed with implementation of the lesson. It is often divided into several components such as introduction, main activities and closure.
ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION
This section in lesson plan is used to determine whether the set objectives have been achieved or to ensure that your students have arrived at their intended destination. You need to gather some evidences that they have arrived.
STYLES OF LESSON NOTE
There basically two styles in writing lesson note:
A: the pose style;
B: the tabular method
THE POSE METHOD OF WRITING NOTE OF A LESSON.
Note of lesson on introductory technology
Class: junior secondary one.
Topic: workbench tools
Date: 5/02/2009
Duration: 45 minutes
Behavioral objectives: During and at the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
A. define workbench tools;
B. list five types of workbench tools;
C. explain their uses.
Instructional materials: pictures of a workbench tools, some of the samples of tools like hammer and saw.
Entry behavior: the students are familiar with simple working tools such as hammer, planes and saw.
Introduction: ask the students to mention some local tools and their uses
Content development
Step one: define to the students the meaning of workbench tools.
Workbench tools are tools attached to the workbench used for various activities in the workshop. It is a major equipment in a workshop. The bench provides the surface on which is woodwork activities are carried out.
Step two: list the various types of tools. These are:
A: measuring tools and checking devices. Examples bench rule, flexible tape, sliding bevel, trammel point.
B: sawing tools. Examples crosscut saw, rip saw, back saw compass saw, coping saw, dovetail saw, and hack saw.
C: edge cutting tools: jack plane
D: drilling and boring tools
E: diving tools such screw driver
Evaluation
Define workbench tools.
List five examples of these tool.
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